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PriskriboAG Carinae Compass (2021-017).png	English: AG Carinae Compass
Dato	Fotita en 2021
Fonto	AG Carinae Compass
Aŭtoro	IMAGE: NASA, ESA, STScI
Ceteraj versioj	TIF version

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This file is in the public domain because it was created by NASA and ESA. NASA Hubble material (and ESA Hubble material prior to 2009) is copyright-free and may be freely used as in the public domain without fee, on the condition that only NASA, STScI, and/or ESA is credited as the source of the material. This license does not apply if ESA material created after 2008 or source material from other organizations is in use.
The material was created for NASA by Space Telescope Science Institute under Contract NAS5-26555, or for ESA by the Hubble European Space Agency Information Centre. Copyright statement at hubblesite.org or 2008 copyright statement at spacetelescope.org. For material created by the European Space Agency on the spacetelescope.org site since 2009, use the {{ESA-Hubble}} tag.

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	Dato/Horo	Bildeto	Grandecoj	Uzanto	Komento
nun	12:17, 20 aŭg. 2023		3 687 × 2 276 (32,62 MB)	OptimusPrimeBot	#Spacemedia - Upload of https://stsci-opo.org/STScI-01F4SFD18HJ7HF3NCAFM5BWWS7.png via Commons:Spacemedia

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Dato kaj tempo de datuma generado	13 apr. 2021
Kolor-spaco	Nekalibrita
Exif-versio	2.31
Larĝeco de bildo	3 687 px
Alteco de bildo	2 276 px
Bitokoj en komponanto	16 16 16
Alteco	2 276 px
Larĝeco	3 687 px
Komponaĵo de rastrumeroj	RGB
Nombro de komponaĵoj	3
Horizontala distingivo	72 dpi
Vertikala distingivo	72 dpi
Informo por mesaĝigi	outreach@stsci.edu http://hubblesite.org 3700 San Martin Drive Baltimore, MD, 21218 USA 410-338-4444
Kreinto	Space Telescope Science Institute Office of Public Outreach
Titolo de bildo	In celebration of the 31st anniversary of the launching ofNASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, astronomers aimed the renownedobservatory at a brilliant“celebrity star,” one of the brighteststars seen in our galaxy, surrounded by a glowing halo of gasand dust.The price for its opulence is“living on the edge.” The giantstar is waging a tug-of-war between gravity and radiation toavoid self-destruction.The star, called AG Carinae, is surrounded by an expanding shellof gas and dust. The nebula is about five light-years wide, whichequals the distance from here to our nearest star, Alpha Centauri.The huge structure was created from one or more giant eruptionsabout 10,000 years ago, when our human ancestors were justbeginning to farm. The star’s outer layers were blown intospace—like a boiling teapot popping off its lid. The expelledmaterial amounts to roughly 10 times our Sun’s mass.These outbursts are the typical life of a rare breed of starcalled a luminous blue variable (LBV), a brief convulsive phasein the short life of an ultra-bright, glamorous star that livesfast and dies young. These stars are among the most massive andbrightest stars known. They live for only a few million years,compared to the roughly 10-billion-year lifetime of our Sun. AGCarinae is a few million years old and resides 20,000 light-yearsaway inside our Milky Way galaxy. The star’s expected lifetime isbetween 5 million and 6 million years.Luminous blue variables exhibit a dual personality: They appear tospend years in quiescent bliss and then they erupt in a petulantoutburst. These behemoths are stars in the extreme, far differentfrom normal stars like our Sun. In fact, AG Carinae is estimatedto be up to 70 times more massive than our Sun and shines withthe blinding brilliance of 1 million suns.“I like studying these kinds of stars because I am fascinated bytheir instability. They are doing something weird,” said LBV expertKerstin Weis of Ruhr University in Bochum, Germany.Major outbursts such as the one that produced the nebula occur onceor twice during a luminous blue variable’s lifetime. An LBV staronly casts off material when it is in danger of self-destruction asa supernova. Because of their massive forms and super-hottemperatures, luminous blue variable stars like AG Carinae are in aconstant battle to maintain stability.It’s an arm wrestling contest between radiation pressure from withinthe star pushing outward and gravity pressing inward. This armwrestling match results in the star expanding and contracting. Theoutward pressure occasionally wins the battle, and the star expandsto such an immense size that it blows off its outer layers, like avolcano erupting. But this outburst only happens when the star is onthe verge of coming apart. After the star ejects the material, itcontracts to its normal size, settles back down, and becomesquiescent for a while.Like many other luminous blue variables, AG Carinae remains unstable.It has experienced lesser outbursts that have not been as powerful asthe one that created the present nebula.Although AG Carinae is inactive now, its searing radiation andpowerful stellar wind (streams of charged particles) have beenshaping the ancient nebula, sculpting intricate structures asoutflowing gas slams into the slower-moving outer nebula. The wind istravelling at up to 670,000 miles per hour (1 million km/hr), about 10times faster than the expanding nebula. Over time, the hot wind catchesup with the cooler expelled material, plows into it, and pushes itfarther away from the star. This“snowplow” effect has cleared a cavityaround the star.The red material is glowing hydrogen gas laced with nitrogen gas. Thediffuse red material at upper left pinpoints where the wind has brokenthrough a tenuous region of material and swept it into space.The most prominent features, highlighted in blue, are filamentarystructures shaped like tadpoles and lopsided bubbles. These structuresare dust clumps illuminated by the star’s reflected light. Thetadpole-shaped features, most prominent at left and bottom, are denserdust that has been sculpted by the stellar wind. Hubble’s sharp visionreveals these delicate-looking structures in great detail.The image was taken in visible and ultraviolet light. Ultraviolet lightoffers a slightly clearer view of the filamentary dust structures thatextend all the way down toward the star. Hubble is ideally suited forultraviolet light observations because this wavelength range can onlybe viewed from space.Massive stars, like AG Carinae, are important to astronomers because oftheir far-reaching effects on their environment. The largest program inHubble’s history—the Ultraviolet Legacy Library of Young Stars asEssential Standards (ULLYSES—will study the ultraviolet light of youngstars and the way they shape their surroundings.Luminous blue variable stars are rare: less than 50 known among thegalaxies in our local group of neighboring galaxies. These stars spendtens of thousands of years in this phase, a blink of an eye in cosmictime. Many are expected to end their lives in titanic supernova blasts,which enrich the universe with heavier elements beyond iron.
Ŝlosilvortoj	AG Carinae AG Car HD 94910
Mallonga titolo	AG Carinae Compass
Provizanto	NASA, ESA and STScI
Titolo	Hubble Captures Giant Star on the Edge of Destruction
Fonto	STScI
Dato kaj tempo de ciferecigado	03:32, 26 feb. 2021
Programaro uzata	Adobe Photoshop 22.2 (Macintosh)
Dato kiam metadatumoj estis laste modifitaj	06:28, 3 maj. 2021
Dato kaj tempo de dosiera ŝanĝo	06:28, 3 maj. 2021
Unika identigo de originala dokumento	xmp.did:909e7199-5905-446a-b688-736c411dfd8a
Regularo pri uzado	http://hubblesite.org/copyright/

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