Kalamospizo

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Kalamospizo

Kalamospizo

Biologia klasado

Regno:	Animaloj Animalia
Filumo:	Ĥorduloj Chordata
Klaso:	Birdoj Aves
Ordo:	Paseroformaj Passeriformes
Familio:	Pasereledoj Passerellidae
Genro:	Calamospiza
Specio:	C. melanocorys

Dunomo

Calamospiza melanocorys
(Stejneger, 1885)

Konserva statuso

Konserva statuso: Malplej zorgiga

Aliaj Vikimediaj projektoj

Sistematiko en Vikispecioj

Komunejo pri Kalamospizo

v • d • r

La Kalamospizo aŭ Alaŭda emberizo, Calamospiza melanocorys, estas specio de mezgranda birdo de la familio de Pasereledoj. Ĝi estas monotipa en la genro Calamospiza (Bonaparte, 1838).

Priskribo[redakti | redakti fonton]

Tiuj birdoj havas malgrandan grizan bekon kaj blankan flugilmakulon. Maskla plenkreskulo en reprodukta plumaro estas nigreca escepte pro la blanka flugilmakulo. Aliaj plumaroj estas pli paserecaj laŭ aspekto; ili havas malhelbrunajn suprajn partojn kaj blankecajn subajn partojn, kun strieco en dorso, brusto kaj flankoj. La flugiloj estas malhelaj kun brunaj bordoj.

Ties reproduktaj habitatoj estas regionoj de prerioj en Grandaj Ebenaĵoj de sudcentra Kanado kaj mezokcidenta Usono suden al norda Teksaso. La nesto estas malferma taso surgrunde en herbeca areo. Tiuj birdoj migras en aroj al suda Teksaso kaj Meksiko.

Ili manĝas surgrunde, ĉefe insektojn somere kaj semojn vintre; ili foje faras mallongajn flugojn persekute de insektoj. For de la reprodukta sezono, ili ofte manĝas are.

Tiuj birdoj nestumas en disaj kolonioj. Maskloj flugas super siaj teritorioj kaj kantas dum descendo por proklami posedon de la reprodukta teritorio. La kanto konsistas el miksaĵo de fajfoj kaj trilaĵoj. La alvoko estas milda huu.

La nombroj de tiu birdo malpliiĝis pro habitatoperdo de la natura prerio.

Tiu estas la ŝtata birdo de Koloradio.

Referencoj[redakti | redakti fonton]

Literaturo[redakti | redakti fonton]

BirdLife International (2004). Calamospiza melanocorys. Internacia Ruĝa Listo de Endanĝeritaj Specioj, eldono de 2006. IUCN 2006. Elŝutita 12a Majo 2006. Malplej Zorgiga

Libroj[redakti | redakti fonton]

Shane, T. G. 2000. Lark Bunting (Calamospiza melanocorys). In The Birds of North America, No. 542 (A. Poole and F. Gill, eds.). The Birds of North America, Inc., Philadelphia, PA.

Tezoj[redakti | redakti fonton]

Chaine AS. Ph.D. (2006). The evolution of multiple sexual signals in a passerine: Trait structure and selection in a dynamic world. University of California, Santa Cruz, United States—California.
Pleszczynska W. Ph.D. (1978). Polygyny in the lark bunting. University of Toronto (Canada), Canada.
Yackel Adams AA. Ph.D. (2005). Population demography of lark buntings: Post-fledging survival, fecundity, and breeding decisions. Colorado State University, United States—Colorado.

Artikoloj[redakti | redakti fonton]

Adams AAY, Skagen SK & Savidge JA. (2006). Modeling post-fledging survival of Lark Buntings in response to ecological and biological factors. Ecology. vol 87, no 1. pp. 178–188.
Ashe VM & Taylor S. (1973). An Ethographic Analysis of the Flight Display of the Male Lark Bunting Calamospiza-Melanocorys Passeriformes Fringillidae. American Zoologist. vol 13, no 4.
Baldwin PH, Butterfield JD, Creighton PD & Shook R. (1971). Summer Ecology of the Lark Bunting Pawnee Site. Us Ibp. vol 1, no 1.
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Bock CE & Bock JH. (1987). Avian Habitat Occupancy Following Fire in a Montana USA Shrubsteppe. Prairie Naturalist. vol 19, no 3. pp. 153–158.
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Carson RJ & Spicer GS. (2003). A phylogenetic analysis of the emberizid sparrows based on three mitochondrial genes. Molecular Phylogenetics & Evolution. vol 29, no 1. pp. 43–57.
Clancey PA. (1989). Subspeciation in the Lark-Like Bunting of the Southwestern Afrotropics. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club. vol 109, no 3. pp. 130–134.
Creighton PD. (1971). Nesting of the Lark Bunting in North Central Colorado. Us Ibp. vol 1, no 4.
Easterla DA. (1970). 1st Nesting Colonies of the Lark Bunting in Missouri. Wilson Bulletin. vol 82, no 4. pp. 465–466.
Hallet ML. (1973). A Lark Bunting in Milwaukee County. Passenger Pigeon. vol 35, no 1.
Hill RA. (1976). Host Parasite Relationships of the Brown-Headed Cowbird in a Prairie Habitat of West Central Kansas USA. Wilson Bulletin. vol 88, no 4. pp. 555–565.
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Jones ZF & Bock CE. (2002). Conservation of grassland birds in an urbanizing landscape: A historical perspective. Condor. vol 104, no 3. pp. 643–651.
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Nero RW. (1982). Post Copulatory Display in the Lark Bunting Calamospiza-Melanocorys and Other Species. Wilson Bulletin. vol 94, no 4. pp. 585–590.
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Pleszczynska WK. (1978). Micro Geographic Prediction of Polygyny in the Lark Bunting. Science. vol 201, no 4359. pp. 935–937.
Pleszczynska WK. (1978). MICROGEOGRAPHIC PREDICTION OF POLYGYNY IN LARK BUNTING. Science. vol 201, no 4359. pp. 935–937.
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Spicer GS. (1978). A New Species and Several New Host Records of Avian Nasal Mites Acarina Rhinonyssinae Turbinoptinae. Journal of Parasitology. vol 64, no 5. pp. 891–894.
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